@article{Bommarito2009a,
  author = {Bommarito, Michael James},
  title = {Exploring Relationships between Legal Concepts in the United States Supreme Court},
  journal = {Available at SSRN 1814169},
  year = {2009}
}

@inproceedings{Bommarito2009,
  author = {Bommarito, Michael J. and Katz, Daniel and Zelner, Jon},
  title = {Law as a seamless web? Comparison of various network representations of the United States Supreme Court corpus (1791-2005)},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Law},
  pages = {234--235},
  year = {2009}
}

@article{Bommarito2009b,
  author = {Bommarito II, Michael J. and Katz, Daniel Martin},
  title = {Properties of the United States code citation network},
  journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:0911.1751},
  year = {2009}
}

@article{Bommarito2010c,
  author = {Bommarito II, Michael J. and Katz, Daniel Martin},
  title = {A mathematical approach to the study of the United States Code},
  journal = {Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications},
  volume = {389},
  number = {19},
  pages = {4195--4200},
  year = {2010},
  publisher = {Elsevier}
}

@article{Bommarito2010a,
  author = {Bommarito, Michael J.},
  title = {An Empirical Survey of the Population of US Tax Court Written Decisions},
  journal = {Virginia Tax Review},
  volume = {30},
  pages = {523},
  year = {2010}
}

@article{Bommarito2010f,
  author = {Bommarito II, Michael James and Katz, Daniel Martin},
  title = {Building the United States Supreme Court Disposition Corpus 1791-2009},
  year = {2010}
}

@article{Bommarito2010d,
  author = {Bommarito II, Michael J. and Katz, Daniel Martin and Zelner, Jonathan L. and Fowler, James H.},
  title = {Distance measures for dynamic citation networks},
  journal = {Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications},
  volume = {389},
  number = {19},
  pages = {4201--4208},
  year = {2010},
  publisher = {Elsevier}
}

@article{Bommarito2010,
  author = {Bommarito, Michael James},
  title = {Intraday Correlation Patterns between the S\&P 500 and Sector Indices},
  journal = {Available at SSRN 1677915},
  year = {2010}
}

@article{Bommarito2010e,
  author = {Bommarito II, Michael J. and Katz, Daniel M. and Zelner, Jonathen L.},
  title = {On the stability of community detection algorithms on longitudinal citation data},
  journal = {Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences},
  volume = {4},
  pages = {26--37},
  year = {2010},
  publisher = {Elsevier}
}

@article{Bommarito2010b,
  author = {Bommarito, Michael James},
  title = {The Race to the Bund: Aggregate European and State-Level Integration from the EEC to Present},
  journal = {Available at SSRN 1814110},
  year = {2010}
}

@article{Duran2011,
  author = {Duran, Ahmet and Bommarito, Michael J.},
  title = {A profitable trading and risk management strategy despite transaction costs},
  journal = {Quantitative Finance},
  volume = {11},
  number = {6},
  pages = {829--848},
  year = {2011},
  publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}
}

@article{II2011LawComputation,
  author = {{Michael J. Bommarito II}},
  title = {Law ? Computation},
  journal = {University of Houston Law and Computation Workshop},
  year = {2011},
  url = {https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/michaelbommarito.com/papers/2011_University_of_Houston_Law_and_Computation_Workshop.pdf}
}

@inproceedings{Katz2011a,
  author = {Katz, Daniel Martin and Bommarito, Michael James and Seaman, Julie and Candeub, Adam and Agichtein, Eugene},
  title = {Legal n-grams? A simple approach to track the 'evolution' of legal language},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of JURIX},
  year = {2011}
}

@article{Katz2011,
  author = {Katz, Daniel Martin and Gubler, Joshua R. and Zelner, Jon and Bommarito, Michael J.},
  title = {Reproduction of hierarchy-a social network analysis of the American law professoriate},
  journal = {Journal of Legal Education},
  volume = {61},
  pages = {76},
  year = {2011}
}

@article{Agrawal2013,
  author = {Agrawal, Arun and Brown, Daniel G. and Rao, Gautam and Riolo, Rick and Robinson, Derek T. and Bommarito II, Michael},
  title = {Interactions between organizations and networks in common-pool resource governance},
  journal = {Environmental Science \& Policy},
  volume = {25},
  pages = {138--146},
  year = {2013},
  publisher = {Elsevier}
}

@article{Katz2014,
  author = {Katz, Daniel Martin and Bommarito, Michael James},
  title = {Measuring the complexity of the law: the United States Code},
  journal = {Artificial Intelligence and Law},
  volume = {22},
  number = {4},
  pages = {337--374},
  year = {2014},
  publisher = {Springer}
}

@article{Katz2015,
  author = {Katz, Daniel Martin and Bommarito, Michael James and Soellinger, Tyler and Chen, James Ming},
  title = {Law on the market? Evaluating the securities market impact of Supreme Court decisions},
  journal = {Available at SSRN},
  year = {2015}
}

@article{Poast2015,
  author = {Poast, Paul and Bommarito, Michael James and Katz, Daniel Martin},
  title = {The Electronic World Treaty Index: Collecting the Population of International Agreements in the 20th Century},
  journal = {Available at SSRN 2652760},
  year = {2015}
}

@inproceedings{Candeub2015,
  author = {Candeub, Adam and Bommarito, Michael James},
  title = {Understanding the Federal Communication Commission's Policy-Making Using Big Data},
  booktitle = {TPRC},
  year = {2015}
}

@misc{Katz2016,
  author = {Katz, Daniel Martin and Bommarito, Michael J.},
  title = {Legal analytics course},
  year = {2016},
  url = {http://www.legalanalyticscourse.com}
}

@article{Katz2017,
  author = {Katz, Daniel Martin and Bommarito, Michael J. and Blackman, Josh},
  title = {A general approach for predicting the behavior of the Supreme Court of the United States},
  journal = {PloS One},
  volume = {12},
  number = {4},
  pages = {e0174698},
  year = {2017},
  publisher = {Public Library of Science}
}

@article{Katz2017a,
  author = {Katz, Daniel Martin and Bommarito II, Michael James and Blackman, Josh},
  title = {Crowdsourcing accurately and robustly predicts Supreme Court decisions},
  journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:1712.03846},
  year = {2017}
}

@article{Ruhl2017,
  author = {Ruhl, J.B. and Katz, Daniel Martin and Bommarito, Michael J.},
  title = {Harnessing legal complexity},
  journal = {Science},
  volume = {355},
  number = {6332},
  pages = {1377--1378},
  year = {2017},
  publisher = {American Association for the Advancement of Science}
}

@article{Bommarito2017,
  author = {Bommarito II, Michael J. and Katz, Daniel Martin},
  title = {Measuring and modeling the US regulatory ecosystem},
  journal = {Journal of Statistical Physics},
  volume = {168},
  number = {5},
  pages = {1125--1135},
  year = {2017},
  publisher = {Springer US}
}

@misc{Bommarito2018a,
  author = {Bommarito, Michael James and Katz, Daniel Martin and Detterman, Eric M.},
  title = {OpenEDGAR: Open source software for SEC EDGAR analysis},
  year = {2018},
  publisher = {SSRN}
}

@article{Bommarito2018,
  author = {Bommarito II, Michael J. and Duran, Ahmet},
  title = {Spectral analysis of time-dependent market-adjusted return correlation matrix},
  journal = {Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications},
  volume = {503},
  pages = {273--282},
  year = {2018},
  publisher = {Elsevier}
}

@article{Bommarito2019,
  author = {Bommarito, Ethan and Bommarito, Michael},
  title = {An empirical analysis of the python package index (pypi)},
  journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:1907.11073},
  year = {2019}
}

@article{Lee2020,
  author = {Lee, Edward D. and Katz, Daniel M. and Bommarito, Michael J. and Ginsparg, Paul H.},
  title = {Sensitivity of collective outcomes identifies pivotal components},
  journal = {Journal of The Royal Society Interface},
  volume = {17},
  number = {167},
  pages = {20190873},
  year = {2020},
  publisher = {The Royal Society}
}

@article{Bommarito2021,
  author = {Bommarito, Ethan and Bommarito II, Michael J.},
  title = {An empirical analysis of the R package ecosystem},
  journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2102.09904},
  year = {2021}
}

@incollection{Bommarito2021a,
  author = {Bommarito II, Michael J. and Katz, Daniel Martin and Detterman, Eric M.},
  title = {LexNLP: Natural language processing and information extraction for legal and regulatory texts},
  booktitle = {Research Handbook on Big Data Law},
  pages = {216--227},
  year = {2021},
  publisher = {Edward Elgar Publishing}
}

@article{Coupette2021,
  author = {Coupette, Corinna and Beckedorf, Janis and Hartung, Dirk and Bommarito, Michael and Katz, Daniel Martin},
  title = {Measuring law over time: A network analytical framework with an application to statutes and regulations in the United States and Germany},
  journal = {Frontiers in Physics},
  volume = {9},
  pages = {658463},
  year = {2021},
  publisher = {Frontiers Media SA}
}

@incollection{Bommarito2021b,
  author = {Bommarito II, Michael J.},
  title = {Preprocessing Data},
  booktitle = {Legal Informatics},
  editor = {Katz, Daniel Martin and Dolin, Ron and Bommarito, Michael J.},
  chapter = {2.3},
  year = {2021},
  publisher = {Cambridge University Press}
}

@article{Bommarito2022,
  author = {Bommarito II, Michael and Katz, Daniel Martin},
  title = {GPT takes the bar exam},
  journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2212.14402},
  year = {2022}
}

@inproceedings{Chalkidis2022,
  author = {Chalkidis, Ilias and Jana, Abhik and Hartung, Dirk and Bommarito, Michael and Androutsopoulos, Ion and Katz, Daniel and Aletras, Nikolaos},
  title = {LexGLUE: A Benchmark Dataset for Legal Language Understanding in English},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 60th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)},
  pages = {4310--4330},
  year = {2022},
  publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics}
}

@article{Bommarito2023,
  author = {Bommarito, Jillian and Bommarito, Michael and Katz, Daniel Martin and Katz, Jessica},
  title = {GPT as knowledge worker: a zero-shot evaluation of (AI) CPA capabilities},
  journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2301.04408},
  year = {2023}
}

@article{Katz2023,
  author = {Katz, Daniel Martin and Hartung, Dirk and Gerlach, Lauritz and Jana, Abhik and Bommarito II, Michael J.},
  title = {Natural language processing in the legal domain},
  journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2302.12039},
  year = {2023}
}

@article{Katz2024,
  author = {Katz, Daniel Martin and Bommarito, Michael James and Gao, Shang and Arredondo, Pablo},
  title = {GPT-4 passes the bar exam},
  journal = {Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A},
  volume = {382},
  number = {2270},
  pages = {20230254},
  year = {2024},
  publisher = {The Royal Society}
}

@article{Bommarito2025BinaryBpeTokenizers,
  author = {Bommarito, M. J.},
  title = {Binary BPE: A Family of Cross-Platform Tokenizers for Binary Analysis},
  journal = {arXiv preprint},
  year = {2025},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.17573}
}

@article{Bommarito2025Binary30k,
  author = {Bommarito, M. J.},
  title = {Binary-30K: A Heterogeneous Dataset for Deep Learning in Binary Analysis and Malware Detection},
  journal = {arXiv preprint},
  year = {2025},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.22095}
}

@article{Bommarito2025GoverningAiAgents,
  author = {Bommarito, J. and Katz, D. M. and Bommarito, M. J.},
  title = {Governing AI Agents: Risk, Compliance, and Accountability in Law and Finance},
  journal = {SSRN},
  year = {2025},
  doi = {10.2139/ssrn.5911464},
  pages = {69},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5911464}
}

@article{Bommarito2025DesignAnAgent,
  author = {Bommarito, M. J. and Katz, D. M. and Bommarito, J.},
  title = {How to Design an AI Agent: Architectures, Protocols, and Technical Evaluation of Agentic AI Systems for Law \& Finance},
  journal = {SSRN},
  year = {2025},
  doi = {10.2139/ssrn.5950214},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5950214}
}

@article{Bommarito2025,
  author = {Bommarito, Michael J. and Katz, Daniel Martin and Bommarito, Jillian},
  title = {KL3M Tokenizers: A Family of Domain-Specific and Character-Level Tokenizers for Legal, Financial, and Preprocessing Applications},
  journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2503.17247},
  year = {2025}
}

@article{Bommarito2025Opengloss,
  author = {Bommarito, M. J.},
  title = {OpenGloss: A Synthetic Encyclopedic Dictionary and Semantic Knowledge Graph},
  journal = {arXiv preprint},
  year = {2025},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.18622}
}

@article{Bommarito2025a,
  author = {Bommarito, Michael J. and Katz, Daniel Martin and Bommarito, Jillian},
  title = {Precise Legal Sentence Boundary Detection for Retrieval at Scale: NUPunkt and CharBoundary},
  journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2504.04131},
  year = {2025}
}

@article{Bommarito2025b,
  author = {Bommarito II, Michael J. and Bommarito, Jillian and Katz, Daniel Martin},
  title = {The KL3M Data Project: Copyright-Clean Training Resources for Large Language Models},
  journal = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2504.07854},
  year = {2025}
}

@article{Bommarito2025WhatIsAnAgent,
  author = {Bommarito, M. J. and Bommarito, J. and Katz, D. M.},
  title = {What is an Agent? A Conceptual Primer and History of Agents and Agentic AI},
  journal = {SSRN},
  year = {2025},
  doi = {10.2139/ssrn.5806982},
  pages = {60},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5806982}
}

@article{Bommarito2026PerChunkTax,
  author = {Bommarito, M. J.},
  title = {ChunkLoris: Measuring Per-Chunk HTTP Amplification},
  journal = {Working paper (draft)},
  year = {2026},
  url = {https://github.com/mjbommar/chunkloris-paper}
}

@article{Bommarito2026CovertChannelsRfcCorpus,
  author = {Bommarito, II, M. J.},
  title = {Covert Channels in the RFC Corpus: A Survey and Measurement Study of Unused, Reserved, and Optional Protocol Fields},
  journal = {SSRN},
  year = {2026},
  url = {https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=7329199}
}

@article{Bommarito2026DataCenterPolicy50States,
  author = {Bommarito, J. and Bommarito, II, M. J.},
  title = {Data Center Policy Across the 50 States: A Survey of Incentives, Land Use, and Energy Regulation},
  journal = {SSRN},
  year = {2026},
  url = {https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=6964278}
}

@article{Bommarito2026Mimelens,
  author = {Bommarito, M. J.},
  title = {MimeLens: Position-Agnostic Content-Type Detection for Binary Fragments},
  journal = {arXiv preprint},
  year = {2026},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.04171}
}

@article{Bommarito2026MoratoriumNation,
  author = {Bommarito, M. J.},
  title = {Moratorium Nation: A Survey of Data Center, Renewable Energy, and Battery Storage Moratoria in the United States},
  journal = {SSRN},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.2139/ssrn.6242898},
  pages = {113},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.6242898}
}

@article{Bommarito2026NeedlesAtScale,
  author = {Bommarito, II, M. J.},
  title = {Needles at Scale: LLM-Assisted Target Selection for Windows Vulnerability Research},
  journal = {arXiv preprint},
  year = {2026},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.01364}
}

@article{Bommarito2026OpenmpscDataset,
  author = {Bommarito, M. J.},
  title = {OpenMPSC: An Open Dataset of Michigan Public Service Commission Regulatory Proceedings},
  journal = {SSRN},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.2139/ssrn.6684220},
  pages = {8},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.6684220}
}

@article{Bommarito2026LinuxIoctlCensus,
  author = {Bommarito, II, M. J.},
  title = {The Linux IOCTL Census: A Source-Derived Database of the Linux Kernel Control-Code Surface},
  journal = {arXiv preprint},
  year = {2026},
  pages = {15},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.10290}
}

@article{Bommarito2026RestructuringOfTheProfessions,
  author = {Bommarito, II, M. J.},
  title = {The Restructuring of the Professions: How Investment Banking, Audit, and Tax Rebuilt Themselves — and What Their Transitions Predict for Legal Services},
  journal = {Working paper (draft)},
  year = {2026},
  pages = {49},
  url = {https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/michaelbommarito.com/papers/2026_The_Restructuring_of_the_Professions_draft.pdf}
}

@article{Bommarito2026ScrutinyGradient,
  author = {Bommarito, II, M. J.},
  title = {The Scrutiny Gradient: A Mean-Field Survey of Security Commits, CVEs, and Dossiers in 22 Linux Base-System Repositories},
  journal = {Working paper (draft)},
  year = {2026},
  url = {https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/michaelbommarito.com/papers/2026_The_Scrutiny_Gradient_draft.pdf}
}

@article{Bommarito2026WindowsIoctlCensus,
  author = {Bommarito, II, M. J.},
  title = {The Windows IOCTL Census: A Corpus-Scale, Multi-Architecture Database of the Driver Control-Code Surface},
  journal = {arXiv preprint},
  year = {2026},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.07732}
}

@article{Bommarito2026WhyCommunitiesFightDataCenters,
  author = {Bommarito, II, M. J.},
  title = {Why Communities Fight Data Centers: Evidence from Moratoria, Litigation, and Public Opinion},
  journal = {SSRN},
  year = {2026},
  doi = {10.2139/ssrn.7124498},
  pages = {17},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.7124498}
}